同位语从句讲解(同位语从句热门考点解析)

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同位语从句讲授(同位语从句热点考点解析)

一、同位语从句指的是在复合句中充任同位语的从句,属于名词性从句的领域,同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行说明解释,被说明解释的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。同位语从句的先行词通常为answer, hope, fact, truth, belief, news, idea, promise, information, conclusion, order, suggestion, problem, question, thought, report, belief, decision, doubt, opinion, theory等抽象名词。例如:

1. The news that his heath is failing made us sad.

他健康状态不佳的资讯使我们很难过。

2. I have no idea where they are spending their holidays.

我不知道他们在哪里度假。

3. The question who should do the work requires consideration.

谁该干这项工作的问题须要斟酌。

4. There is no doubt that he will come here again.

他会再来这里, 这是毫无疑问的。

5. He was tortured by the doubt whether he would accept their presents.

他被是否接收他们的礼物这个疑虑所折磨着。

二、控制同位语从句的用法要注意以下两个问题:

1. 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所解释的名词后面, 而是被别的词隔开, 以使得全部句子的构造显得平衡。例如:

He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. 他从玛丽那里获知了活动会被推迟的资讯。// Word came that Hussein had been captured. 侯赛因已被捕的资讯传来。

2. 同位语从句和定语从句构造类似,但是,同位语从句相当于名词的作用,而定于从句相当于形容词的作用,同位语从句对名词性成分加以弥补解释,是该名词性成分具体内容的体现。定语从句对先行词加以限制或润饰、解释先行词的性质或特点。定语从句的引诱词均在该定语从句中充任特定的句子成分(that在其引诱的限定性定语从句中充任主语、宾语或者表语,充任定语从句中宾语的that经常可被省略)。例如:

1) We can’t solve the problem how we can travel faster than light.

我们解决不了(原创www.isoyu.com版权)如何百思特网能力超过光的速度这个问题。

(how引诱的从句表现其前面的名词the problem的具体内容, 属于同位语从句)

2)I can’t remember the problem that they have.

我记不得他们的问题了。(引诱词that就是that引诱的从句中have的宾语, the problem的具体内容也没有得到解释, 故本句中that引诱的从句是润饰problem的定语从句)

3)I won’t believe the fact that he lied to his mother.

我不愿信任他对母亲撒谎的事实。(that引诱同位语从句对fact的具体内容进行解释, that在其中不充任具体的句子成分)

4)I won’t believe the fact (that) he told me.

我不愿信任他告知我的事实。(that引诱定语从句对fact进行限定, that在该从句中充任宾语)

5) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.

他告知我的资讯是汤姆来年将出国。(句中的第一个that引诱定语从句限定先行词news, 第二个that引诱表语从句)

6)We haven’t yet settled the question where we are g百思特网oing to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假,这个问题我们还没有决议。

7)We have no idea at all where he has gone.

我们基本不知道他去哪里了。(where引诱同百思特网位语从句解释idea的具体内容)

8)But now the question comes to their minds,“Did she die young because she was a clone?”

但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题:“多莉早逝世是因为它是一只克隆羊吗?”